Imikhiqizo
I-Adipic Acid-esetshenziselwa chemical/organic synthesis/medicine/lubricant
Incazelo emfushane:
Inombolo ye-CAS:124-04-9
Isibizo sesiShayina:amafutha acid
Igama lesiNgisi:I-Adipic acid.
Ifomula yesakhiwo:
Isebenzisa
I-adipic acid ingabhekana nokusabela okwenza usawoti, ukusabela kwe-esterification, ukusabela kwe-amidation, njll., futhi ingaba i-polycondensed ngama-diamine noma ama-glycols ukuze yakhe ama-polymer ama-molecular high.I-Adipic acid iyi-dicarboxylic acid ebaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini.Idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali, embonini ye-organic synthesis, imithi, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamafutha.I-Adipic acid iphinde ibe yimpahla eluhlaza yokwelapha, ukuhlanzwa kwemvubelo, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinto zokunamathisela, izikhumba zokwenziwa, odayi bokwenziwa namakha.
I-Adipic acid isetshenziswa kakhulu njengempahla eluhlaza inayiloni 66 namapulasitiki obunjiniyela.Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-ester.Iphinde isetshenziswe njengempahla eluhlaza ye-polyurethane elastomers nanjenge-acidifier yokudla okuhlukahlukene neziphuzo.Ngaphezu kwe-citric acid ne-tartaric acid.
I-Adipic acid iphinde ibe yimpahla eluhlaza yokwelapha, ukuhlanzwa kwemvubelo, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinto zokunamathisela, izikhumba zokwenziwa, odayi bokwenziwa namakha.
I-Adipic acid inokunambitheka okumuncu okuthambile futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, futhi inani le-pH lishintsha lincane kububanzi bokugxila obukhudlwana.Kuyisilawuli se-pH esingcono.I-GB2760-2007 ibeka ukuthi inani eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwalo mkhiqizo eziphuzweni eziqinile ngu-0.01g/kg;ingase futhi isetshenziselwe i-jelly ne-jelly powder, futhi inani eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwejeli ngu-0.01g/kg;uma isetshenziselwa i-jelly powder, ingacindezelwa Lungisa ukuphindaphinda ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa.
I-Adipic acid noma i-hexanedioic acid iyinhlanganisela ephilayo enefomula
(CH2)4(COOH)2.Ngokombono wezimboni, i-dicarboxylic acid ebaluleke kakhulu: cishe amakhilogremu ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.5 ale powder emhlophe akhiqizwa minyaka yonke, ikakhulukazi njengesandulela sokukhiqizwa kwenayiloni.I-adipic acid uma kungenjalo ayivamisile ukwenzeka emvelweni, kodwa yaziwa njengesengezo sokudla senombolo E355 esakhiwe.
Cishe i-60% ye-2.5 billion kg ye-adipic acid ekhiqizwa minyaka yonke isetshenziswa njenge-monomer ekukhiqizeni inayiloni ngokusabela kwe-polycondensation nge-hexamethylene diamine eyenza inayiloni 66. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu zihlanganisa ama-polymers;iyi-monomer yokukhiqiza i-polyurethane futhi ama-esters ayo angama-plasticizers, ikakhulukazi ku-PVC.
Isicelo
I-Adipic acid isetshenziswa kakhulu njengempahla eluhlaza inayiloni 66 namapulasitiki obunjiniyela.Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-ester.Iphinde isetshenziswe njengempahla eluhlaza ye-polyurethane elastomers nanjenge-acidifier yokudla okuhlukahlukene neziphuzo.Ngaphezu kwe-citric acid ne-tartaric acid.
I-Adipic acid iphinde ibe yimpahla eluhlaza yokwelapha, ukuhlanzwa kwemvubelo, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinto zokunamathisela, izikhumba zokwenziwa, odayi bokwenziwa namakha.
I-Adipic acid inokunambitheka okumuncu okuthambile futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, futhi inani le-pH lishintsha lincane kububanzi bokugxila obukhudlwana.Kuyisilawuli se-pH esingcono.I-GB2760-2007 ibeka ukuthi inani eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwalo mkhiqizo eziphuzweni eziqinile ngu-0.01g/kg;ingase futhi isetshenziselwe i-jelly ne-jelly powder, futhi inani eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwejeli ngu-0.01g/kg;uma isetshenziselwa i-jelly powder, ingacindezelwa Lungisa ukuphindaphinda ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa.
Kwezokwelapha:
I-Adipic acid ifakwe kumathebulethi e-matrix okwakhiwa okulawulwayo ukuze kutholwe ukukhululwa okuzimele kwe-pH kukho kokubili izidakamizwa eziyisisekelo ezibuthakathaka kanye ne-acidic ebuthakathaka.Iphinde yafakwa embotsheni ye-polymeric yezinhlelo ze-hydrophilic monolithic ukuze kulungiswe i-intragel pH, okuholela ekukhishweni kwe-oda elinguziro lomuthi we-hydrophilic.Ukuhlakazeka ku-pH yamathumbu e-enteric polymer shellac kuye kwabikwa ukuthi kuyathuthuka lapho i-adipic acid isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti eyenza izimbotshana ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukukhululwa emithonjeni ye-acidic.Okunye ukwakhiwa kokukhishwa okulawulwayo kufake i-adipic acid ngenhloso yokuthola iphrofayili yokukhishwa kokuqhuma sekwephuzile.
Ekudleni:
Amanani amancane kodwa abalulekile e-adipic acid asetshenziswa njengesithako sokudla njengesithako esimnandi kanye nosizo lwe-gelling.Isetshenziswa kwamanye ama-antacid e-calcium carbonate ukuze abenze i-tart.Njenge-acidulant kuma-baking powders, igwema izakhiwo ezingathandeki ze-hygroscopic ze-tartaric acid.I-adipic acid, eyivelakancane ngokwemvelo, yenzeka ngokwemvelo kubhithi, kodwa lokhu akuwona umthombo oyongayo wezohwebo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlanganiswa kwezimboni.
Ukunakekelwa kokuphepha:
I-adipic acid, njengamaningi e-carboxylic acid, iyisicabucabu esithambile sesikhumba.Inobuthi obuncane, onomthamo obulalayo omaphakathi wama-3600 mg/kg wokungeniswa ngomlomo ngamagundane.
Izinkinga zemvelo:
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-adipic acid kuxhunyaniswa nokukhishwa kwe-N2O, okunamandla
igesi ebamba ukushisa kanye nembangela yokuncipha kwe-ozone ye-stratospheric.Kwabakhiqizi be-adipic acid, i-DuPont kanye ne-Rhodia (manje eyi-Invista ne-Solvay, ngokulandelana), izinqubo ziye zaqaliswa ukuze kuguqulwe i-nitrous oxide emikhiqizweni engenabungozi:
2 N2O → 2 N2 + O2